The times of a Bronze Age tell and outer settlement: Maklár-Baglyashalom, NE Hungary, explored by systematic core drilling and radiocarbon dating

Kienlin, Tobias L. and Fischl, Klára P. (2026) The times of a Bronze Age tell and outer settlement: Maklár-Baglyashalom, NE Hungary, explored by systematic core drilling and radiocarbon dating. ACTA ARCHAEOLOGICA ACADEMIAE SCIENTIARUM HUNGARICAE, 77 (1). pp. 1-31. ISSN 0001-5210

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Abstract

In this paper we present the results of a systematic core drilling campaign at Maklár-Baglyashalom in 2021, that took aim at the central tell part of the site, its enclosure(s) and (house) anomalies in the outer part of the settlement. The location of the future tell of Baglyashalom was first occupied some time around 2000 BC, starting from a plot distinctly smaller than the current mound which developed in its place over the next 400 years. Most likely, the surrounding ditch is actually somewhat younger than the initial cluster of houses and related to an already growing and expanding on-tell section of the community at Maklár. After potential dispersed earlier beginnings, an outer settlement thrived in the surroundings of Baglyashalom from broadly the 19th century cal BC onwards, i.e . slightly after the first phase of on-tell occupation. At some stage, this outer section of the Maklár community itself was enclosed by a narrow outer demarcation that was already being filled in again during the heyday of both the tell and the outer settlement during the Middle Bronze Age. The radiocarbon dates presented in this paper show that both the tell and the outer settlement were continuously occupied at least until the 17th century BC. Beyond that, at least from the outer settlement there are still local indications of occupation which continued well into the subsequent Late Bronze Age in absolute terms.

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