Bound entanglement-assisted prepare-and-measure scenarios based on four-dimensional quantum messages

Márton, István and Bene, Erika and Vértesi, Tamás (2025) Bound entanglement-assisted prepare-and-measure scenarios based on four-dimensional quantum messages. QUANTUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 10 (4). ISSN 2364-9054

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Abstract

We present a class of linear correlation witnesses that detects bound entanglement within a three-party prepare-and-measure scenario with four-dimensional quantum messages. We relate the detection power of our witnesses for two-ququart Bloch-product-diagonal states to that of the computable cross norm-realignment criterion. Several bound entangled states in four or even higher dimensions, including those which are useful in metrology, can exceed the separable bound computed by reliable iterative methods. In particular, we show that a prominent two-ququart bound entangled state with a positive partial transpose can be mixed with up to 40% isotropic noise and still be detected as entangled by our prepare-and-measure witness. Furthermore, our witnesses appear to be experimentally practical, requiring only the use of qubit rotations on Alice’s and Bob’s sides and product qubit measurements with binary outcomes on Charlie’s side.

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