Genetic diversity of Ampelomyces mycoparasites isolated from different powdery mildew fungi in China inferred from analyses of rDNA ITS sequences

Liang, C. and Yang, J. and Kovács, Gábor and Szentiványi, Orsolya and Li, B. and Xu, X. and Kiss, Levente (2007) Genetic diversity of Ampelomyces mycoparasites isolated from different powdery mildew fungi in China inferred from analyses of rDNA ITS sequences. Fungal Diversity, 24. pp. 225-240. ISSN 1560-2745

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Abstract

Pycnidial fungi belonging to the genus Ampelomyces are common intracellular mycoparasites of the Erysiphaceae worldwide. As a part of a project which aimed to isolate and test potential biocontrol agents of powdery mildew infections of economically important crops in China, a total of 23 Ampelomyces isolates were obtained from many different species of the Erysiphaceae in five provinces of China. In addition, four new Ampelomyces isolates were obtained in Europe for this study. Mycoparasitic tests showed that all the 27 new isolates produced intracellular pycnidia in the conidiophores of Podosphaera xanthii and/or Golovinomyces orontii when these powdery mildew species were inoculated with conidial suspensions of the isolates. This confirmed that the new isolates can be identified as Ampelomyces mycoparasites and they were not confused with other pycnidial mycoparasites of powdery mildew fungi. The ITS sequence of the nuclear rRNA gene of the 27 new isolates were analyzed together with 20 sequences of other Ampelomyces isolates determined in earlier studies. The ITS sequences of some isolates obtained in China were identical with those of some European and/or North American isolates which indicates a global distribution of these mycoparasites. At the same time, 16 Chinese isolates formed a distinct group, which was only distantly related to the already known groups of the European and the North American Ampelomyces isolates. Ampelomyces mycoparasites with similar or identical ITS sequences were found in different powdery mildew hosts in China. Also, mycoparasites with different ITS sequences were isolated from the same powdery mildew species during this study. Thus, no correlation was found between the ITS sequences of the mycoparasites and the host fungi and host plants where they came from.

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