N and P impact on the yield of maize in a long-term trial

Izsáki, Z. (2007) N and P impact on the yield of maize in a long-term trial. Cereal Research Communications, 35 (4). pp. 1701-1711. ISSN 0133-3720

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Abstract

In order to elaborate site-specific, environmentally sound fertiliser recommendations aimed at achieving an economic yield level in maize, the N and P supplies of the soil, the N and P effects detectable in the yield, and the limit values for N and P supply levels were investigated in a ten-year mineral fertilisation experiment set up on chernozem meadow soil.Over the average of ten years, this chernozem meadow soil, which had a humus content of 2.8–3.2%, gave a grain yield of 6.10 t ha ⁻¹ without N fertiliser, the relative yield was 79% and N fertilisation gave a yield surplus of 1.35 t ha ⁻¹ . The economic yield level was achieved when the NO ₃ -N content of the upper 0–60 cm soil layer was 100–110 kg ha ⁻¹ prior to sowing. The mineral N content of the soil is a better indicator of the soil N supply level and of the N fertiliser requirements of maize than the humus content. On this acidic, clay loam soil, which had a P supply level of 120–160 mg kg ⁻¹ AL-P ₂ O ₅ without P fertilisation, the relative yield was 93%, averaged over 10 years, and the yield surplus 0.2 t ha ⁻¹ . A P effect was only detected in approximately 50% of the years, when the economic yield level was achieved at an AL-P ₂ O ₅ supply level of 130–170 mg kg ⁻¹ . On this acidic, clay loam, chernozem meadow soil, a limit value of 120–170 mg kg ⁻¹ AL-P ₂ O ₅ represented a good supply level.

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