Analysis of Hellenic durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) germplasm using gliadin and high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit loci

Xynias, I. and Kozub, N. and Sozinov, I. (2011) Analysis of Hellenic durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) germplasm using gliadin and high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit loci. Cereal Research Communications, 39 (3). pp. 415-425. ISSN 0133-3720

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Abstract

Allele composition of 12 Hellenic commercial cultivars and 17 local populations of durum wheat was evaluated at the gliadin (Gli-A1, Gli-B1, Gli-A2, Gli-B2) and high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit loci (Glu-A1, Glu-B1). Acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (APAGE) for gliadins and SDS-electrophoresis for HMW-GS were applied. Electrophoretic analysis revealed that five of the examined local populations, which are registered as durum wheat, are actually bread wheat. The predominant alleles in both the groups of Hellenic durum wheats are Gli-A1r, Gli-B1h, Glu-A1c, Gli-B2-1. At the Glu-B1 locus the allele Glu-B1b associated with better quality predominates among the cultivars (58%), whereas the allele Glu-B1e (50%) shows the highest frequency among the local populations. Only three samples, two cultivars (Syros and Lemnos) and one local population (Local of Heraklio), carry the gene locus Gli-B1 component γ42, which is an index of inferior end product quality. Higher genetic diversity at the studied storage protein loci of the homoeologous group 1 chromosomes (Glu-A1, Glu-B1, Gli-A1, Gli-B1) was recorded in the local Hellenic populations of durum wheat compared to the group of the Hellenic commercial cultivars. The results suggest their potential for widening the gene pool of commercial durum wheat cultivars.

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