Az Osztrák-Magyar Monarchia lehetséges afrikai gyarmata: Rio de Oro = The Possible African Colony of the Austro-Hungarian Empire: Rio de Oro

Besenyő, János (2018) Az Osztrák-Magyar Monarchia lehetséges afrikai gyarmata: Rio de Oro = The Possible African Colony of the Austro-Hungarian Empire: Rio de Oro. HADTÖRTÉNELMI KÖZLEMÉNYEK, 131 (4). pp. 856-884. ISSN 0017-6540

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Abstract

Most people believe that the Austro-Hungarian Empire played no role in African colonization, and it only extended its sphere of influence to the Balkans and later had some influence in China. The Empire did not activate itself even in the 1900s, when all European great powers did its best to get as much territories in Africa as possible. Austria-Hungary was left out in most debates about colonization, but the Conference of Vienna of 1814-15 was an exception, since the state played the role of the host. Based on all of this, it seems to be believable that the Dual Monarchy was simply not intrigued in colonization, although the activities of the explorers of the state who toured the Eastern part of Africa make the issue more transparent: for example, Sámuel Teleki, the Jesuit missionaries or Emil Holub also called the “Austrian Livingstone” who planned to send Austrian settlers to Africa. More and more, until now unpublished archival sources are explore that prove that Austria-Hungary made real steps in order to occupy territories in the black continent. Since they were unable to militarily carry out the mission, they tried to buy the area of Rio de Oro (the contemporary West Sahara) from Spain. However, the nearly two-yearlong negotiations failed, and the Empire lost its last chance to get an African colony. The research paper introduces the colonization efforts, the way to, the procession and the failure of the negotiations.

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