Exploring the legacy of Central European historical winter wheat landraces

Cseh, András Attila and Poczai, Péter and Kiss, Tibor and Balla, Krisztina and Berki, Zita Johanna and Horváth, Ádám and Kuti, Csaba József and Karsai, Ildikó (2021) Exploring the legacy of Central European historical winter wheat landraces. SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, 11 (1). ISSN 2045-2322

Preview

Text s41598-021-03261-4.pdf Download (3MB) | Preview

Abstract

Historical wheat landraces are rich sources of genetic diversity offering untapped reservoirs for broadening the genetic base of modern varieties. Using a 20K SNP array, we investigated the accessible genetic diversity in a Central European bread wheat landrace collection with great drought, heat stress tolerance and higher tillering capacity. We discovered distinct differences in the number of average polymorphisms between landraces and modern wheat cultivars, and identified a set of novel rare alleles present at low frequencies in the landrace collection. The detected polymorphisms were unevenly distributed along the wheat genome, and polymorphic markers co-localized with genes of great agronomic importance. The geographical distribution of the inferred Bayesian clustering revealed six genetically homogenous ancestral groups among the collection, where the Central European core bared an admixed background originating from four ancestral groups. We evaluated the effective population sizes (Ne) of the Central European collection and assessed changes in diversity over time, which revealed a dramatic ~ 97% genetic erosion between 1955 and 2015.

Actions (login required)

Edit Item