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Occurrence of potential mycotoxin producing fungi on maize kernel in Hungary

Tóth, Beáta and Török, Orsolya and Pálfi, Xénia and Toldiné Tóth, Éva and Mesterházy, Ákos and Varga, János (2012) Occurrence of potential mycotoxin producing fungi on maize kernel in Hungary. In: XV. International Feed Technology Symposium: COST Feed for Health joint workshop, 03-05 Okt 2012, Novi Sad, Szerbia.

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Abstract

Maize is one of the most important ingredients of animal feed formulations. Fusarium species are important pathogens of maize, causing various diseases, and contamination of maize kernel by mycotoxins including trichothecenes, zearalenone and fumonisins. Aspergillus and Penicillium species and their mycotoxins including aflatoxins, ochratoxins, fumonisins and patulin are also frequently encountered on cereal products. We investigated the occurrence of these species and their mycotoxins on maize in various maize growing areas in Hungary in 2010 and 2011 years after harvest. Surface-sterilized cereal seeds were placed on selective media, and the isolated fungal strains were identified using morphological methods. 81.94% and 14.33% of the samples were found to be contaminated with potentially toxigenic isolates in 2010 and 2011, respectively. Species identifications of selected isolates have been carried out using sequence-based methods. Regarding Fusarium species, in 2010, when the weather was rainy, F. graminearum and F. subglutinans dominated, while in 2011 with hot and dry summer F. verticillioides was the predominant species identified. F. culmorum could not be detected in any of the samples. Regarding Aspergilli, several Aspergillus flavus isolates were identified, which are potential aflatoxin producers. Besides, other mycotoxin producer species were also isolated, including black Aspergilli which potentially produce ochratoxins and fumonisins, and A. clavatus, which produces patulin. Other genera (Alternaria, Nigrospora, Epicoccum, Cladosporium) were found in smaller proportions. Besides, the protective maize endophyte Acremonium zeae was also identified in some of the samples. Further studies are in progress to examine the mycotoxin producing abilities of the isolates, mycotoxin content of the maize samples, and the applicability of Acremonium zeae isolates for lowering fungal burden and mycotoxin contamination of maize.

Item Type: Conference or Workshop Item (Poster)
Subjects: Q Science / természettudomány > QR Microbiology / mikrobiológia
S Agriculture / mezőgazdaság > SB Plant culture / növénytermesztés
Depositing User: Dr. Beáta Tóth
Date Deposited: 23 Sep 2014 19:08
Last Modified: 03 Apr 2023 08:16
URI: http://real.mtak.hu/id/eprint/16181

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