INDIVIDUAL AND COMBINED EFFECTS OF SUBCHRONIC 1 EXPOSURE OF THREE FUSARIUM TOXINS (FUMONISIN B1, 2 DEOXYNIVALENOL AND ZEARALENONE) IN RABBIT BUCKS

Szabó-Fodor, Judit and Kachlek, M. and Cseh, Sándor and Somoskői, Bence and Szabó, András and Blochné Bodnár, Zsófia and Tornyos, Gábor and Mézes, Miklós and Balogh, Krisztián and Glávits, Róbert and Hafner, Dóra and Kovács, Melinda (2015) INDIVIDUAL AND COMBINED EFFECTS OF SUBCHRONIC 1 EXPOSURE OF THREE FUSARIUM TOXINS (FUMONISIN B1, 2 DEOXYNIVALENOL AND ZEARALENONE) IN RABBIT BUCKS. Acta Veterinaria Hungarica. ISSN 0236-6290 (print), 1588-2705 (online) (Submitted)

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Abstract

This study determined the reproductive toxicity of Fusarium toxins at three subchronic doses on adult male rabbits. Four treatments were: control (C, toxin-free diet), F (5 mg/kg FB1), DZ (1 mg/kg DON + 0.25 mg/kg ZEA), FDZ (5 mg/kg FB1 + 1 mg/kg DON + 0.25 mg/kg ZEA) for 65 days (n=15/treatment). Most pronounced toxic effects were exerted on reproductive processes. The ratio of spermatozoa showing progressive forward motility decreased (P<0.05) from 80% to 67% in FDZ (day 60). Differences were found between DZ (66.3%±23.7) and C (80.2%±11.2) in spermatozoa morphology. GnRH treated animals produced less testosterone in FDZ, compared to all other groups (P<0.05). In the comet assay the individual F treatment resulted less 0 comets (intact cells), compared to all others. Based on the prevalence of score 2, lower (P < 0.0001) damage was observed in FDZ, as compared to F and DZ. Additive or less than additive effect was found by spermatogenesis and sperm cell morphology, synergism in testosterone production, while FB1 acted antagonistically against DON+ZEA. All mycotoxins exerted slight genotoxicity based (comet assay), FB1 being antagonistic towards DON+ZEA. In F, DZ and FDZ, spermatogenesis intensity decreased by 43, 31 and 64%, respectively, reflected by lack of differentiated spermatozoa, thinned germinal epithelium and appearance of multinuclear giant cells.

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