Antioxidant capacity of durum wheat large flour particles may be evaluated by QUENCHER_ABTS assay by adopting a proper calculation mode

Di Benedetto, N. A. and Alfarano, M. and Laus, M. N. and Caporizzi, R. and Soccio, M. and Robbe, C. and Flagella, Z. and Pastore, D. (2015) Antioxidant capacity of durum wheat large flour particles may be evaluated by QUENCHER_ABTS assay by adopting a proper calculation mode. Cereal Research Communications, 43 (4). pp. 682-691. ISSN 0133-3720

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Abstract

Assessment of Antioxidant Capacity (AC) of foods is useful to consider cumulative/ synergistic action of all dietary antioxidants, thus providing a more integrated information than the simple sum of measurable antioxidants. Among the different AC assays, the QUENCHER_ABTS (QUick, Easy, New, CHEap and Reproducible) procedure is based on the direct reaction of ABTS^•+ reagent with fine solid food particles without extraction of antioxidants. This assay is able to measure both soluble and insoluble antioxidants, that simultaneously come into contact with ABTS^•+ molecules by either liquid–liquid or solid–liquid interactions, respectively. These interactions may change depending on the particle diameter. Usually, particles having 0.1–0.3 mm size are used. Here, AC was evaluated on whole flour (WF), derived from a mix of grains of ten durum wheat varieties, characterized by three different particle sizes: a smaller one, ≤0.2 mm (control, WF_0.2), and two larger ones, ≤0.5 mm and ≤1 mm (WF_0.5 and WF₁, respectively). Moreover, a novel AC calculation procedure based on the slope value of the regression line of ABTS^•+ response vs flour amount is presented in detail. The classical QUENCHER_ABTS procedure provided for WF_0.2 an AC value of 42.0±2.7 μmol eq. Trolox/g d.w. A similar result was obtained for WF0.5 (38.3±0.9 μmol eq. Trolox/g d.w.), thus indicating that these large particles may be analyzed by the QUENCHER_ABTS assay provided that the “slope” calculation procedure is used. On the contrary, WF₁ showed about half AC (20.3±0.2 μmol eq. Trolox/g d.w.), thus showing that very large particles cannot be used even adopting the “slope” calculation.

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