Self transglutaminase-based rapid coeliac disease antibody detection by a lateral flow method

Raivio, T. and Kaukinen, K. and Nemes, E. and Laurila, K. and Collin, P. and Kovács, J. B. and Maki, M. and Korponay-Szabó, Ilma Rita (2006) Self transglutaminase-based rapid coeliac disease antibody detection by a lateral flow method. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 24 (1). pp. 147-154. ISSN 0269-2813 (print), 1365-2036 (online)

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Abstract

Background The conventional coeliac disease antibody tests require patient's sera, and are laborious and time-consuming. Aim To evaluate a newly developed rapid whole blood test in coeliac disease antibody detection, and its suitability for office use. Methods Endogenous tissue transglutaminase found in red blood cells in a whole blood fingertip or venous sample is liberated upon haemolysis and complexes with tissue transglutaminase antibodies, if present. The complexes, captured by a lateral flow system, are visualized within 5 min. Stored samples from 121 untreated, 106 treated coeliac disease patients and 107 controls were evaluated and compared with serum endomysium and tissue transglutaminase antibody tests and histology; 150 patients were prospectively tested on site in the doctor's office. Results The rapid test showed sensitivity (96.7%) comparable with the serum endomysium and tissue transglutaminase antibody tests from stored samples; specificity was slightly lower (93.5%). When tested on site the results were concordant in 96.7% of cases compared with endomysium and tissue transglutaminase antibody results. The test recognized the disappearance of tissue transglutaminase antibodies on a gluten-free diet. Conclusions The self tissue transglutaminase-based rapid test can be easily carried out from a fingertip blood sample on site in the physician's office for both coeliac disease case finding and dietary monitoring purposes.

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