Cell wall degradation and the dynamic changes of Ca²⁺ and related enzymes in the developing aerenchyma of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under waterlogging

Xu, Q. and Fan, H. and Jiang, Z. and Zhou, Z. and Yang, L. and Mei, F. and Qu, L. (2013) Cell wall degradation and the dynamic changes of Ca²⁺ and related enzymes in the developing aerenchyma of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under waterlogging. Acta Biologica Hungarica, 64 (3). pp. 328-340. ISSN 0236-5383

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Abstract

This research was aimed to study the cell wall degradation and the dynamic changes of Ca²⁺ and related enzymes in developing aerenchyma of wheat root under waterlogging. An examination of morphological development by light and electron microscope revealed that the structure of cell wall in middle cortical cells remained intact after 12 h of waterlogging and turned thinner after waterlogging for 24 h. At 48 h, the aerenchyma has been formed. The cellulase activity gradually increased in middle cortical cells within 24 h of waterlogging, and decreased with the formation of aerenchyma. Fluorescence detection and subcellular localization of Ca²⁺ showed the dynamic changing of Ca²⁺ at the cellular and subcellular levels during the development of aerenchyma. The activity of Ca²⁺-ATPase enhanced markedly in intercellular space, plasma membrane and tonoplast of some middle cortical cells after 8 h of waterlogging and remained high after 24 h, but it decreased after 48 h of waterlogging. All these suggests that cellulase, Ca²⁺ and Ca²⁺-ATPase show a dynamic distribution during the aerenchyma development which associated with the cell wall degradation of middle cortical cells. Moreover, there is a feedback regulation between Ca²⁺ and Ca²⁺-ATPase.

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