Immune responses to killed reassorted influenza virus supplemented with natural adjuvants

Razin, Mona Abdel Fattah and Osman, Ahmed and Ali, Mohamed Ahmed and Bahgat, Mahmoud Mohamed and Maghraby, Amany Sayed (2017) Immune responses to killed reassorted influenza virus supplemented with natural adjuvants. Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica, 64 (3). pp. 313-330. ISSN 1217-8950

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Abstract

In this study, we investigated the immunomodulatory effects of a supplemented killed influenza virus (V) by Echinacea purpurea (E) and Nigella sativa (N) extracts and effect of changing the route of immunization from intramuscular (IM) to intraperitoneal (IP). At the 2^nd-, 3^rd- and 4^th-week post-IM immunizations (WPIMI), the supplemented V with N (VN) induced the most significant IgM response unlike N alone. At the 2^nd WPIMI, V or VN induced the highest significant IgG levels. At the 2^nd-week post-IP immunization (WPIPI), E and VN induced the most significant IgG levels. Both at the 3^rd and 4^th WPIMI or WPIPI, various treatments induced significant increases in IgG. At the 4^th WPIMI, E, V, and V with E (VE) induced significant increases in the CD4+ thymocytes while all IP treatments caused significant increase in their counts. V and VN induced the most significant IM induction of CD8+ thymocytes while their best IP stimulation was induced by N, VE, and VN. At the 4^th WPIMI, various treatments caused significant increases in the mesenteric lymph node (MLN) CD4+, CD8+ counts. WPIPI with V or VE caused significant increases in both the CD4+- and CD8+ MLN cells, whereas VN significantly induced CD8+ MLN cells only. WPIPI with various treatments caused significant increases in the B-cell counts and the peak was obtained by VN.

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