A haza békessége és a nemzet egysége Tolnai (Fabricius) István prédikációjában

Erdős, Zoltán (2021) A haza békessége és a nemzet egysége Tolnai (Fabricius) István prédikációjában. EGYHÁZTÖRTÉNETI SZEMLE, 22 (2). pp. 131-146. ISSN 1585-7476 (nyomtatott); 1587-026X (elektronikus)

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Abstract

The paper analyses the sermon titled The Peace of Fatherland or Straight Path by István Tolnai (1630–1690), professor and preacher in Cluj (Kolozsvár), dean of Târgu Secuiesc (Kézdivásárhely), later of Cluj. The sermon was preached in June 1663 in the Court of Prince Mihály Apafi, and was printed one year later in Sibiu (Szeben). The text was written in a very difficult situation. After the Turkish war and political crisis in 1657–1663 the new rulers of Transylvania had to arrange the relations to the Habsburg and Ottoman Empire, to strengthen the governance structures and the power of the prince, to accommodate the serious social and political conflicts, to consolidate the economy and rebuild after devastations of war. In his sermon Tolnai reflected on all of these questions. Applicating the biblical example of Nehemiah he supported the legitimation of Mihály Apafi, and argued for accepting the Ottoman supremacy. On the other hand, the organic theory of state and society and the criticism of the Transylvanian nobility adduced the restoration of the public order, the securing of social peace and the evolving of a more balanced and righteous order under the new circumstances. The essence of Tolnai’s argumentation is nothing more and nothing less that the “peace of the fatherland” relies on the “fine concordance”, that means the social and political integration of the nation as a whole.

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