Provenance and depositional environment of Middle Miocene silicic volcaniclastic deposits from Mt. Medvednica (North Croatian Basin, Carpathian-Pannonian Region)

Trinajstic, N and Brlek, M and Gaynor, S. P. and Schindlbeck-Belo, J and Suica, S and Avanic, R and Kutterolf, S and Wang, K-L and Lee, H-Y and Holcová, K and Kopecká, J and Baranyi, Viktória and Hajek-Tadesse, Valentina and Bakrač, Koraljka and Bricic, V and Kukoc, D and Milošević, M. and Musir, I and Lukács, Réka (2023) Provenance and depositional environment of Middle Miocene silicic volcaniclastic deposits from Mt. Medvednica (North Croatian Basin, Carpathian-Pannonian Region). JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH (443). No-107917. ISSN 0377-0273

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Abstract

Extensive and protracted volcanism in the Carpathian-Pannonian Region climaxed during the Early to Middle Miocene with series of major ignimbrite-forming eruptions with their products dispersed across the Alpine- Mediterranean Region. The spatial and temporal dispersion of these volcanic horizons make them potentially important stratigraphic markers throughout the region, allowing better understanding of temporal and spatial changes in depositional environments and paleoclimate. Several of these Middle Miocene volcaniclastic layers are preserved in stratigraphically and environmentally variable sedimentary facies on Mt. Medvednica, located in the North Croatian Basin. In order to decipher the age, depositional environment and provenance of two vol- caniclastic horizons intercalated within Central Paratethys marine sediments on Mt. Medvednica, we applied an integrated approach of volcanological, geochronological, and paleontological analyses. New high-precision zircon geochronology and volcanic glass geochemistry data allow to distinguish two primary rhyolitic volcani- clastic horizons derived from distinct eruptions, “Plaz“, and the “Bidrovec“, dated at 14.937 ± 0.012 Ma and 14.835 ± 0.012 Ma. Distinguished mineralogical and geochemical data enabled the correlation of the older (“Plaz”) horizon on Mt. Medvednica with the Demj´en eruption, one of the six major Early–Middle Miocene ignimbrite-forming eruptions of the Carpathian-Pannonian Region. However, a correlation of the younger (“Bidrovec“) horizon and assignment to a specific eruption could not be established due to a lack of composi- tional data from coeval eruption products throughout the region. The newly gathered data establishes both “Plaz” and “Bidrovec” pyroclastic deposits as valuable marker horizons for regional reconstructions, and enable a better understanding of the eruption chronology and tephrostratigraphy of the Carpathian-Pannonian Region.

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