SN 2009N: Linking normal and subluminous type II-P SNe

Takáts, Katalin and Pumo, M. L. and Elias-Rosa, N. and Pastorello, A. and Pignata, G. and Paillas, E. and Zampieri, L. and Anderson, J. P. and Vinkó, József and Benetti, S. and Botticella, M. -T. and Bufano, F. and Campillay, A. and Cartier, R. and Ergon, M. and Folatelli, G. and Foley, R. J. and Förster, F. and Hamuy, M. and Hentunen, V. -P. and Kankare, E. and Leloudas, G. and Morrell, N. and Nissinen, M. and Phillips, M. M. and Smartt, S. J. and Stritzinger, M. and Taubenberger, S. and Valenti, S. and Van Dyk, S.D. (2014) SN 2009N: Linking normal and subluminous type II-P SNe. MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, 438 (1). pp. 368-387. ISSN 0035-8711

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Abstract

We present ultraviolet, optical, near-infrared photometry and spectroscopy of SN 2009N in NGC 4487. This object is a type II-P supernova with spectra resembling those of subluminous II-P supernovae, while its bolometric luminosity is similar to that of the intermediate luminosity SN 2008in. We created synow models of the plateau phase spectra for line identification and to measure the expansion velocity. In the near-infrared spectra we find signs indicating possible weak interaction between the supernova ejecta and the pre-existing circumstellar material. These signs are also present in the previously unpublished near-infrared spectra of SN 2008in. The distance to SN 2009N is determined via the expanding photosphere method and the standard candle method as D = 21.6 ± 1.1 Mpc. The produced nickel-mass is estimated to be ∼ 0.020±0.004 M⊙. We infer the physical properties of the progenitor at the explosion through hydrodynamical modelling of the observables. We find the values of the total energy as ∼ 0.48 × 1051 erg, the ejected mass as ∼ 11.5 M⊙, and the initial radius as ∼ 287 R⊙.

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