Dobozi Mihály és felesége a történetírásban, az irodalomban és a képzőművészetben = Dobozi Mihály and His Wife in History, Literature, and Fine Art

Papp, Júlia (2024) Dobozi Mihály és felesége a történetírásban, az irodalomban és a képzőművészetben = Dobozi Mihály and His Wife in History, Literature, and Fine Art. IRODALOMTÖRTÉNETI KÖZLEMÉNYEK : A HUN-REN BÖLCSÉSZETTUDOMÁNYI KUTATÓKÖZPONT IRODALOMTUDOMÁNYI INTÉZETÉNEK FOLYÓIRATA, 128 (1). pp. 59-95. ISSN 0021-1486 (nyomtatott); 1588-0834 (elektronikus)

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Abstract

At the Battle of Mohács in 1526, the Hungarians suffered a catastrophic defeat by the much larger army of the Ottoman Empire; the Hungarian King Louis II also lost his life in the battle. Two weeks later, in another battle that lasted several days, the Ottomans destroyed a Hungarian camp of refugees at Marót. The topic of this study is related to this event: Dobozi Mihály, who fought in the camp, escapes on a horse with his young wife after the lost battle. When the Ottomans almost catch up with them, the husband kills his wife to save her from being captured, and then he also dies fighting against the Ottoman soldiers. The story not only appears in Hungarian and foreign historiography and literature, but it was also a popular topic of Hungarian historical paintings in the 19th century. According to previous studies, the wife becomes a character with agency only in 19th-century descriptions by asking her husband to kill her, however, this narrative is actually already found in some of the 16th-century historical sources, including the description of Italian humanist historian Giovanni Michele Bruto, which has been translated for the first time recently. One of the reasons for the later popularity of the story may have been that it became an example of not only spousal love and faithfulness, but also of patriotism, as in some versions the wife wanted to die so that her husband could flee to later be able to continue fighting for his homeland.

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