Synthesis of N-substituted 3,5-bis(arylidene)-4-piperidones with high antitumor and antioxidant activity

Kálai, Tamás and Kuppusamy, Laksmi and Balog, Mária and Selvendrian, Karuppaiyah and Rivera, Brian and Kuppusamy, Periannan and Hideg, Kálmán (2011) Synthesis of N-substituted 3,5-bis(arylidene)-4-piperidones with high antitumor and antioxidant activity. JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY, 54. pp. 5414-5421. ISSN 0022-2623

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Abstract

A series of 3,5-bis(arylidene)-4-piperidones (DAP compounds) are considered as synthetic analogs of curcumin for anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties. We performed structureactivity relationship studies by synthesizing a number of 3,5-bis(arylidene)-4-piperidones Nalkylated or acylated with nitroxides or their amine precursors as potent antioxidant moieties. Both subtituents on arylidene rings and on piperidone nitrogen (five- or six-membered, 2- or 3- or 3,4-disubstituted, isoindoline nitroxides) were varied. The anticancer efficacy of the new DAP compounds was tested by measuring their cytotoxicity to cancer cell lines A2780 (human epithelial ovarian cancer cell line) and MCF-7 (human breast cancer cell line) and to H9c2, a noncancerous (healthy) cardiac cell line. The results showed that all DAP compounds induced a significant loss of cell viability in both the human cancer cell lines tested, however only pyrroline appended nitroxides (5c,1 5e, 7, 9) showed limited toxicity toward noncancerous cell lines. Computer docking simulations support the biological activity tested. These results suggest that antioxidant-conjugated DAPs will be useful as a safe and effective anticancer agent for cancer therapy.

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