Gaia Focused Product Release : Radial velocity time series of long-period variables

Trabucchi, M. and Mowlavi, N. and Lebzelter, T. and Lecoeur-Taibi, I. and Audard, M. and Eyer, L. and García-Lario, P. and Gavras, P. and Holl, B. and Jevardat de Fombelle, G. and Nienartowicz, K. and Rimoldini, L. and Sartoretti, P. and Blomme, R. and Frémat, Y. and Marchal, O. and Damerdji, Y. and Brown, A. G. A. and Guerrier, A. and Panuzzo, P. and Katz, D. and Seabroke, G. M. and Benson, K. and Haigron, R. and Smith, M. and Lobel, A. and Vallenari, A. and Prusti, T. and de Bruijne, J. H. J. and Arenou, F. and Babusiaux, C. and Barbier, A. and Biermann, M. and Creevey, O. L. and Ducourant, C. and Evans, D. W. and Guerra, R. and Hutton, A. and Jordi, C. and Klioner, S. A. and Lammers, U. and Lindegren, L. and Luri, X. and Mignard, F. and Randich, S. and Smiljanic, R. and Tanga, P. and Walton, N. A. and Bailer-Jones, C. A. L. and Bastian, U. and Cropper, M. and Drimmel, R. and Lattanzi, M. G. and Soubiran, C. and van Leeuwen, F. and Bakker, J. and Castañeda, J. and De Angeli, F. and Fabricius, C. and Fouesneau, M. and Galluccio, L. and Masana, E. and Messineo, R. and Nicolas, C. and Pailler, F. and Riclet, F. and Roux, W. and Sordo, R. and Thévenin, F. and Gracia-Abril, G. and Portell, J. and Teyssier, D. and Altmann, M. and Berthier, J. and Burgess, P. W. and Busonero, D. and Busso, G. and Cánovas, H. and Carry, B. and Cheek, N. and Clementini, G. and Davidson, M. and de Teodoro, P. and Delchambre, L. and Dell’Oro, A. and Fraile Garcia, E. and Garabato, D. and Garralda Torres, N. and Hambly, N. C. and Harrison, D. L. and Hatzidimitriou, D. and Hernández, J. and Hodgkin, S. T. and Jamal, S. and Jordan, S. and Krone-Martins, A. and Lanzafame, A. C. and Löffler, W. and Lorca, A. and Marrese, P. M. and Moitinho, A. and Muinonen, K. and Nuñez Campos, M. and Oreshina-Slezak, I. and Osborne, P. and Pancino, E. and Pauwels, T. and Recio-Blanco, A. and Riello, M. and Robin, A. C. and Roegiers, T. and Sarro, L. M. and Schultheis, M. and Siopis, C. and Sozzetti, A. and Utrilla, E. and van Leeuwen, M. and Weingrill, K. and Abbas, U. and Ábrahám, P. and Abreu Aramburu, A. and Aerts, C. and Altavilla, G. and Álvarez, M. A. and Alves, J. and Anders, F. and Anderson, R. I. and Antoja, T. and Baines, D. and Baker, S. G. and Balog, Z. and Barache, C. and Barbato, D. and Barros, M. and Barstow, M. A. and Bartolomé, S. and Bashi, D. and Bauchet, N. and Baudeau, N. and Becciani, U. and Bedin, L. R. and Bellas-Velidis, I. and Bellazzini, M. and Beordo, W. and Berihuete, A. and Bernet, M. and Bertolotto, C. and Bertone, S. and Bianchi, L. and Binnenfeld, A. and Blazere, A. and Boch, T. and Bombrun, A. and Bouquillon, S. and Bragaglia, A. and Braine, J. and Bramante, L. and Breedt, E. and Bressan, A. and Brouillet, N. and Brugaletta, E. and Bucciarelli, B. and Butkevich, A. G. and Buzzi, R. and Caffau, E. and Cancelliere, R. and Cannizzo, S. and Carballo, R. and Carlucci, T. and Carnerero, M. I. and Carrasco, J. M. and Carretero, J. and Carton, S. and Casamiquela, L. and Castellani, M. and Castro-Ginard, A. and Cesare, V. and Charlot, P. and Chemin, L. and Chiaramida, V. and Chiavassa, A. and Chornay, N. and Collins, R. and Contursi, G. and Cooper, W. J. and Cornez, T. and Crosta, M. and Crowley, C. and Dafonte, C. and David, M. and de Laverny, P. and De Luise, F. and De March, R. and De Ridder, J. and de Souza, R. and de Torres, A. and del Peloso, E. F. and Delbo, M. and Delgado, A. and Dharmawardena, T. E. and Diakite, S. and Diener, C. and Distefano, E. and Dolding, C. and Dsilva, K. and Durán, J. and Enke, H. and Esquej, P. and Fabre, C. and Fabrizio, M. and Faigler, S. and Fatović, M. and Fedorets, G. and Fernández-Hernández, J. and Fernique, P. and Figueras, F. and Fournier, Y. and Fouron, C. and Gai, M. and Galinier, M. and Garcia-Gutierrez, A. and García-Torres, M. and Garofalo, A. and Gerlach, E. and Geyer, R. and Giacobbe, P. and Gilmore, G. and Girona, S. and Giuffrida, G. and Gomel, R. and Gomez, A. and González-Núñez, J. and González-Santamaría, I. and Gosset, E. and Granvik, M. and Gregori Barrera, V. and Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R. and Haywood, M. and Helmer, A. and Helmi, A. and Henares, K. and Hidalgo, S. L. and Hilger, T. and Hobbs, D. and Hottier, C. and Huckle, H. E. and Jabłońska, M. and Jansen, F. and Jiménez-Arranz, Ó. and Juaristi Campillo, J. and Khanna, S. and Kordopatis, G. and Kóspál, Á. and Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z. and Kun, M. and Lambert, S. and Lanza, A. F. and Le Campion, J.-F. and Lebreton, Y. and Leccia, S. and Lecoutre, G. and Liao, S. and Liberato, L. and Licata, E. and Lindstrøm, H. E. P. and Lister, T. A. and Livanou, E. and Loup, C. and Mahy, L. and Mann, R. G. and Manteiga, M. and Marchant, J. M. and Marconi, M. and Marín Pina, D. and Marinoni, S. and Marshall, D. J. and Martín Lozano, J. and Martín-Fleitas, J. M. and Marton, G. and Mary, N. and Masip, A. and Massari, D. and Mastrobuono-Battisti, A. and Mazeh, T. and McMillan, P. J. and Meichsner, J. and Messina, S. and Michalik, D. and Millar, N. R. and Mints, A. and Molina, D. and Molinaro, R. and Molnár, L. and Monari, G. and Monguió, M. and Montegriffo, P. and Montero, A. and Mor, R. and Mora, A. and Morbidelli, R. and Morel, T. and Morris, D. and Munoz, D. and Muraveva, T. and Murphy, C. P. and Musella, I. and Nagy, Z. and Nieto, S. and Noval, L. and Ogden, A. and Ordenovic, C. and Pagani, C. and Pagano, I. and Palaversa, L. and Palicio, P. A. and Pallas-Quintela, L. and Panahi, A. and Panem, C. and Payne-Wardenaar, S. and Pegoraro, L. and Penttilä, A. and Pesciullesi, P. and Piersimoni, A. M. and Pinamonti, M. and Pineau, F.-X. and Plachy, E. and Plum, G. and Poggio, E. and Pourbaix, D. and Prša, A. and Pulone, L. and Racero, E. and Rainer, M. and Raiteri, C. M. and Ramos, P. and Ramos-Lerate, M. and Ratajczak, M. and Re Fiorentin, P. and Regibo, S. and Reylé, C. and Ripepi, V. and Riva, A. and Rix, H.-W. and Rixon, G. and Robichon, N. and Robin, C. and Romero-Gómez, M. and Rowell, N. and Royer, F. and Ruz Mieres, D. and Rybicki, K. A. and Sadowski, G. and Sáez Núñez, A. and Sagristà Sellés, A. and Sahlmann, J. and Sanchez Gimenez, V. and Sanna, N. and Santoveña, R. and Sarasso, M. and Sarrate Riera, C. and Sciacca, E. and Segovia, J. C. and Ségransan, D. and Shahaf, S. and Siebert, A. and Siltala, L. and Slezak, E. and Smart, R. L. and Snaith, O. N. and Solano, E. and Solitro, F. and Souami, D. and Souchay, J. and Spina, L. and Spitoni, E. and Spoto, F. and Squillante, L. A. and Steele, I. A. and Steidelmüller, H. and Surdej, J. and Szabados, L. and Taris, F. and Taylor, M. B. and Teixeira, R. and Tisanić, K. and Tolomei, L. and Torra, F. and Torralba Elipe, G. and Tsantaki, M. and Ulla, A. and Unger, N. and Vanel, O. and Vecchiato, A. and Vicente, D. and Voutsinas, S. and Weiler, M. and Wyrzykowski, Ł. and Zhao, H. and Zorec, J. and Zwitter, T. and Balaguer-Nunez, L. and Leclerc, N. and Morgenthaler, S. and Robert, G. and Zucker, S. (2023) Gaia Focused Product Release : Radial velocity time series of long-period variables. ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 680. No. A36. ISSN 0004-6361

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Abstract

Context. The third Gaia Data Release (DR3) provided photometric time series of more than 2 million long-period variable (LPV) candidates. Anticipating the publication of full radial-velocity data planned with Data Release 4, this Focused Product Release (FPR) provides radial-velocity time series for a selection of LPV candidates with high-quality observations. Aims. We describe the production and content of the Gaia catalog of LPV radial-velocity time series, and the methods used to compute the variability parameters published as part of the Gaia FPR. Methods. Starting from the DR3 catalog of LPV candidates, we applied several filters to construct a sample of sources with highquality radial-velocity measurements. We modeled their radial-velocity and photometric time series to derive their periods and amplitudes, and further refined the sample by requiring compatibility between the radial-velocity period and at least one of the G, GBP, or GRP photometric periods. Results. The catalog includes radial-velocity time series and variability parameters for 9614 sources in the magnitude range 6 ≲ G/mag ≲ 14, including a flagged top-quality subsample of 6093 stars whose radial-velocity periods are fully compatible with the values derived from the G, GBP, and GRP photometric time series. The radial-velocity time series contain a mean of 24 measurements per source taken unevenly over a duration of about three years. We identify the great majority of the sources (88%) as genuine LPV candidates, with about half of them showing a pulsation period and the other half displaying a long secondary period. The remaining 12% of the catalog consists of candidate ellipsoidal binaries. Quality checks against radial velocities available in the literature show excellent agreement. We provide some illustrative examples and cautionary remarks. Conclusions. The publication of radial-velocity time series for almost ten thousand LPV candidates constitutes, by far, the largest such database available to date in the literature. The availability of simultaneous photometric measurements gives a unique added value to the Gaia catalog.

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