Gustave Guillaume nyelvelméletének alapjai

Palágyi, László (2014) Gustave Guillaume nyelvelméletének alapjai. NYELVTUDOMÁNYI KÖZLEMÉNYEK, 110. pp. 333-360. ISSN 0029-6791 (print); 2060-7644 (online)

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Abstract

This paper brings out the foundations of Gustave Guillaume’s linguistic theory which is little known outside of France and thus in Hungary. On the one hand, the goal of this study is to situate Guillaume in the history of linguistics in the 20th century by contrasting his theory to the ideas of Ferdinand de Saussure, the Prague School and Noam Chomsky. Concerning correlations, it is clear that one can hardly discover correspondence between Guillaume’s theory and formal linguistics. On the other hand, I demonstrate and evaluate as well the obvious correlations – originated in a holistic approach and a dynamic view of language – between Guillaume and cognitive linguistics. In the final part of the paper I outline two investigations in order to prove the originality and productivity of Guillaume’s linguistic theory: the first one is about the French articles whose functions are very similar to those of Hungarian (this examination explains how we can express the same meaning – generality or particularity – with a definite or an indefinite article); the second one is Walter Hirtle’s investigation based on Guillaume’s ideas which is concerned with number in the English substantive (since Ø and -s can potentially express different quantities, their usage depends on the speaker’s actual – ’continuate’ or ’discontinuate’ – representation as well).

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