Martin Berzeviczy, Diplomate of The Polish King Stepan Batory and his Activity in Istanbul in the 1570-ies

Földvári, Sándor (2023) Martin Berzeviczy, Diplomate of The Polish King Stepan Batory and his Activity in Istanbul in the 1570-ies. In: 11th International Conference on Social Sciences & Humanities, March 4-6, 2023, Mus, Türkiye. ISPEC Publishing House, Muş, pp. 202-212. ISBN 9786257720908

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Abstract

The Polish King of Hungarian origin, Stephen Báthory (Hungarian: Báthory István; Polish: Stefan Batory; Lithuanian: Steponas Batoras) was elected for the Polish throne in 1576 and for the Grand Duke of Lithuania at the same time, then he soon began his defencing war against the expansion of the Russian Tsar, Ivan IV (the “Terrible”). Before he was elected to the Polish throne, he had already ruled Transylvania since 1571. Therefore, he was to gain the support of the Turkish Sultan in several aspects when preparing for the war. As for the war itself, we have already dealt with that in our previous lecture at the IKSAD Conference in Gaziantep, Turkiye (February 19-21) under the title “Comparing the Policies of Stefan Batory and Ivan The Terrible” and there we demonstrated that the structural differences of the two states resulted, to a significant extent, the victory of the Polish King over the Tsar: the totalitarian state of Moscow was not able to achieve any fruit of European culture, while in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth the parliament of the nobility, the Sejm was unique in the contemporary Europe. However, any victory in great wars occurs as a result of a lot of factors, and diplomacy is of great importance among them. Thus, now we continue to investigate the causes of victory with the external factors. The social and political structure of the state was an internal factor, and the diplomacy was external. Keywords: Poland, Hungary, Batory, Berzeviczy, Turkish_diplomacy, Muscovy

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