Behavior and Treatment of Metals in Burning System During Biomass Combusion – Literature Review

Truong, Phi Dinh and Kovács, Helga and Dobó, Zsolt (2020) Behavior and Treatment of Metals in Burning System During Biomass Combusion – Literature Review. Materials Science and Engineering, 45 (1). pp. 63-76. ISSN 2063-6792

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Abstract

Biomass is a renewable energy resource and known as an excellent alternative option for the partial replacement of fossil fuels in energy production. Plants, as frequently used biomass energy sources, contain metals in a different amount. During biomass combus-tion, the emission of certain elements may lead to environmental pollution and health prob-lems even if the biomass comes from a non-contaminated land. Hence, keeping the metals in the combustion system and avoid hazardous emissions is desirable. The same direction can be recognized by noble metals (NMs) and rare earth elements (REEs) as well, however, in these cases, the economic aspects are also considered. This paper briefly reviews the litera-ture on metal contaminated biomass, phytoextraction, polluted biomass combustion, and the behavior of metals in combustion systems. Based on the literature review the fate of NMs and REEs during polluted biomass incineration has not been deeply investigated yet and re-quires further examination. Furthermore, capturing metals inside the burning system is also a huge challenge because a significant amount of metal compounds leaves the burning system with flue gas in solid and gaseous form. Besides, phytomining is a potential option for the extraction of NMs and REEs from the soil via plants. And, solid remains (bottom ash, fly ash) coming from contaminated biomass is a promising metal resource.

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