Power system stability with high integration of RESs and EVs: Benefits, challenges, tools, and solutions

Saleh, Ahmed Mohjammed and Vokony, István and Waseem, Muhammad and Khan, Adnan Muhammad and Al-Areqi, Ahmed (2025) Power system stability with high integration of RESs and EVs: Benefits, challenges, tools, and solutions. ENERGY REPORTS, 13. pp. 2637-2663. ISSN 2352-4847

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Abstract

In our daily lives, electric energy is essential and impacts numerous aspects of society. The electricity produced from conventional sources falls short of meeting contemporary demand, giving rise to power supply issues and environmental concerns, including the emission of greenhouse gases. For all those reasons, the transformation to Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) is indispensable, more than ever. Nevertheless, the inherent uncertainty and low inertia introduce operational challenges and threaten power system stability. Various research papers have been published regarding RES integration and design. However, research articles addressing stability in distributed generation networks with RESs are either scarce or inadequate. To address power system stability, the primary objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of the benefits, challenges, and integration of RESs and electric vehicles (EVs), in addition to tools, software, controlling mechanisms, and potential solutions related to RESs integration. Integrating HVDC technology with hybrid RES enhances long-distance power transmission efficiency, reduces losses, and improves grid stability, making it an effective solution for variable RES generation. Therefore, the HVDC link has been taken as a case study and is simulated using DIgSILENT /MATLAB softwares. The result shows that the HVDC link is more stable than the HVAC transmission in terms of voltage stability when integrating the RESs, which could result in a voltage limit violation. The 100 % RESs integration may proceed more smoothly and efficiently if DC voltage is present.

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