Talajradaros felmérések Tolna vármegye középkori templomos helyein (2017-2024) = Ground-Penetrating Radar Surveys at Medieval Church Sites in Tolna County (2017–2024)

Lóki, Róbert (2024) Talajradaros felmérések Tolna vármegye középkori templomos helyein (2017-2024) = Ground-Penetrating Radar Surveys at Medieval Church Sites in Tolna County (2017–2024). WOSINSKY MÓR MÚZEUM ÉVKÖNYVE, 46. pp. 207-230. ISSN 0865-5464

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Abstract

Between 2017 and 2024, the Laboratory of Archaeology and Geoinformatics at Pázmány Péter Catholic University conducted ground-penetrating radar surveys at multiple medieval church sites in response to various research requests. In several instances, these surveys confirmed the locations and identifications of churches detected through earlier research and provided new insights into their precise dimensions and ground plans, which had been unknown until then (Madocsa-FelsőNyilas, Kárász-Feketepetrőc-dűlő, and Pálfa-Téglás-dűlő). In Madocsa and Kárász, subsequent excavations following the surveys provided crucial validation for interpretating the geophysical data. Additionally, at Bölcske-Örsi-hegy II., the survey led to the discovery of a previously unknown church dating to the Árpád period. A non-destructive archaeological survey of a large Roman site on the outskirts of Dalmand identified the layout of a medieval church. At two sites, Nagyszékely and Törökkoppány, measurements were conducted both within and around modern churches that remain in use today. These investigations were carried out to complement findings from monument conservation wall surveys and earlier archaeological excavations. Among the surveyed churches, those at Madocsa and Bölcske exhibit striking similarities in their layouts, suggesting they are contemporaneous and date to the early Árpád period of the county. The church at Kárász, featuring an added sacristy, shares architectural similarities but may have been constructed slightly later. In contrast, the ruined monastic church at Pálfa, the church found on the outskirts of Dalmand, along with the rebuilt and still-standing churches at Nagyszékely and Törökkoppány, exemplify the Gothic architectural heritage of the county.

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