Családkép és családi szerepek értékelése a határon túli magyarok körében = Evaluation of Family Images and Family Roles Among Hungarians Living Beyond the National Borders

Dusa, Ágnes Réka and Fűrész, Tünde and Pári, András (2025) Családkép és családi szerepek értékelése a határon túli magyarok körében = Evaluation of Family Images and Family Roles Among Hungarians Living Beyond the National Borders. KISEBBSÉGI SZEMLE, 10 (3). pp. 21-39. ISSN 2498-8049

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Abstract

The present study aims to explore the ideal perceptions of the optimal ages for marriage and for having a first child among Hungarians living beyond the national borders in the Carpathian basin. We analyze the dataset based on the joint research of a 2023 questionnaire survey conducted by The Maria Kopp Institute for Demography and Families (KINCS), the Youth Research Institute, and the Research Institute for Hungarian Communities Abroad (NPKI) (N = 2,000; ages 18–49; Hungarians of Transylvania, Slovakia, and Vojvodina). Using descriptive statistical methods, we first report the mean ideal ages; then, via cluster analysis, we identify four groups—those following “late family formation,” “early family formation,” “cross-border norms,” and “domestic patterns.” We examine the clusters’ demographic characteristics (region, gender, age, education, marital status, religiosity) through analysis of variance and chi-square tests, and finally by conducting a factor analysis to isolate four marriage attitudes (value, foundation, retention, benefit) and assess their cluster-specific differences. Our results show that the mean ideal age for marriage is 25.3 years for women and 27.7 years for men, while the ideal age for first childbirth is 25.7 years for women and 28.1 years for men. These clusters reflect the distinct norms of the kin-minorities in neighboring countries, while also highlighting the effects of modern life trajectories (higher education, labor-market delays) and family-policy measures. The study’s findings contribute to the development of policies for Hungarians beyond the borders and recommend further longitudinal and qualitative research.

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