Analysing Cognitive-Computing-Based Countermeasures to Cyber Threats against Critical Infrastructures

Griffiths, Dániel (2026) Analysing Cognitive-Computing-Based Countermeasures to Cyber Threats against Critical Infrastructures. HADMÉRNÖK, 21 (1). pp. 5-24. ISSN 1788-1919

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Abstract

Critical infrastructures are vital to the functioning of modern societies but are increasingly exposed to sophisticated cyber threats due to heightened convergence of information technology and operational technology environments. The inherent complexity and presence of legacy components within these systems significantly expand the attack surface, making traditional security measures insufficient. This work analyses the evolving threat landscape facing critical infrastructures and presents a comprehensive assessment of cognitive computing-based countermeasures. Emphasising recent advances in cognitive computing, the article explores adaptive defence mechanisms capable of evolving alongside emerging threats. The analysis highlights the effectiveness and limitations of these approaches, their applicability within cyber-physical systems, and their potential to bridge gaps between IT and OT security. Ultimately, the research underscores the importance of integrating these techniques into cybersecurity strategies to enhance the resilience of critical infrastructure systems.

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