Céhes iparosok Miskolc város tanácsának szolgálatában (1761–1848) = Guild craftsmen in employ of Miskolc City Council (1761–1848)

Spóner, Péter (2011) Céhes iparosok Miskolc város tanácsának szolgálatában (1761–1848) = Guild craftsmen in employ of Miskolc City Council (1761–1848). A HERMAN OTTÓ MÚZEUM ÉVKÖNYVE, 50. pp. 335-347. ISSN 0544-4225

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Abstract

A városi kiadások jellegének tekintetében a 18. század derekától jelentős változás következett be. A vizsgált korszakban Miskolc lakosságának emelkedésével ugrásszerűen megnövekedtek a kommunális kiadások. A feladatok növekedésével párhuzamosan a város egyre jelentősebb megrendelője lett a miskolci kézműveseknek. Jelen tanulmányban a városi megrendelésre dolgozó céhes iparosok és a tanács viszonyát, a mestereknek a városgazdálkodásban betöltött szerepét vizsgáltuk a városi jegyzőkönyvek alapján. | Up to this day, the handicrafts productions, the guild development, the changes in the number of craftsmen and the regional economic role were in the focus of the researches of Miskolc guilds. The research about the connection between the guilds and the market towns, however, had not been taken place. In this study, we examined a special field of the connection between the city and the guilds: the relationship between the City Council and the craftsmen working to city orders, and the position of the guild masters in the economy of Miskolc. A considerable change happened in the character of the city expenses from the middle of the 18th century onwards. In the examined period, the communal expenses grew by leaps and bounds due to the rising number of inhabitants of Miskolc. The tasks had been increasing, thus the city became more and more important customer of the Miskolc craftsmen. Early in the 19th century, 25–50 craftsmen worked for the city yearly. At the same time — contrary to the practice of the 18th century —, it was less and less important in the dividing of the city orders that who gave the task: a guildsman or a bungler. First of all, the price and the quality, and in some cases the taxpayer capacity of the worker, were of importance in the decisions. The city ensured works for the reliable craftsmen in the long run apart from they were members of any guild or not. We can also observe in this field that the guilds were be able to validate their interests decreasingly. Besides, the race caused by the merchants presented negative effects for the guilds. The city bought several goods ready made from merchants of Miskolc mainly, thus the majority of the craftsmen gave orders for repairing and servicing only.

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