Зі спостережень над історичними словниками східнослов’янських мов = Some Remarks on the Historical Dictionaries of the East Slavic Languages

Zoltán, András (2018) Зі спостережень над історичними словниками східнослов’янських мов = Some Remarks on the Historical Dictionaries of the East Slavic Languages. In: Діалектологічні студії. 11: Слово – словник – корпус. Institut ukrainoznavstva im. I. Kripakevica NAN Ukraini, Lviv, pp. 217-224. ISBN 9789660286931

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Abstract

The historical dictionaries of the East Slavic languages significantly facilitate the work of researchers studying the history of the vocabulary and the etymology of these languages. Sometimes, even obvious errors or concealments in historical dictionaries can be useful to the etymologist. Thus, for example, the dictionary entry доходъ ‘income’ in the Old Russian Dictionary (11th–14th centuries), in spite of the obvious disinformation, helps to shed some light on the borrowed character of the word in Russian. The Old Ukrainian Dictionary of the 14th–15th centuries does not save us from turning to the original source, either. Behind the incorrectly read word кма(т) from the Statute of Władysław Jagiełło in the Belarusian copy of the end of the 15th century, hides, apparently, a noun к[а]матъ ‘percentage, interest’. The dictionary of the language of Francisk Skorina gives the word польский in the meaning ‘Polish’, illustrating its use by quotations from the Psalter: “Насытятся дрѣва польская”, “Вся покорилъ еси под нозе его, овъца и волы еще же и скоты польскыя”. Clearly, it is not the modern East Slavic adjective пóльский ‘Polish’ but the Church Slavonic польскúй ‘of the field’ that is attested here.

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