In vitro breeding of grey poplar (Populus x canescens) for phytoremediation purposes.

Bittsánszky, András and Gyulai, Gábor and Gullner, Gábor and Kiss, József and Szabó, Zoltán and Kátay, György and Heszky, László and Kőmíves, Tamás (2009) In vitro breeding of grey poplar (Populus x canescens) for phytoremediation purposes. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, 84 (6). pp. 890-894. ISSN 0268-2575

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Paraquat-tolerant poplar (Populus x canescens) clones (PQT) were selected in in vitro nodal segment cultures at the sublethal paraquat concentration (0.4 mu mol L(-1)). After testing on tissue culture media, regenerants were micropropagated, rooted and transplanted to a greenhouse followed by a field test at heavily contaminated fields of the Chemical Company Balatonfuzfo (Hungary). RESULTS: PQT clones showed significantly higher gst (glutathione S-transferase) gene expression level than the wild type (WT) analyzed by qRT-PCR (quantitative reverse transcriptase real time PCR). The expression level of gst gene in the PQT clones showed 70-fold (without paraquat treatment), 4-fold (at 0.1 gmol L(-1) paraquat), 20-fold (at 0.4 gmol L(-1) paraquat) and 40-fold (at 1 gmol L(-1) paraquat) increments compared with WT. For functional analysis, enzyme activities of lipoxygenase (LOX; EC 1.13.11.12), glutathione S-transferase (GST; EC 2.5.1.18), ascorbate peroxidase (APOX; EC 1.11.1.11) and glutathione reductase (GR; EC 1.6.4.2) were determined. The enzyme activity of GR and LOX, and the glutathione content (GSH) were found to be significantly higher in PQT clones. CONCLUSIONS: Paraquat-tolerant clones as powerful new stress tolerant and non-GMO plants can provide an effective tool for phytoremediaton purposes where the pollutants cause oxidative stresses.

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