Role of Virus- and Phytoplasma Infections in Pepper Decline in Hungary: An Overview

Gáborjányi, Richard and Horváth, József and Kovács, J and Kazinczi, Gabriella (1998) Role of Virus- and Phytoplasma Infections in Pepper Decline in Hungary: An Overview. ACTA PHYTOPATHOLOGICA ET ENTOMOLOGICA HUNGARICA, 33 (3-4). pp. 261-268. ISSN 0238-1249

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Abstract

Last some years serious yield losses of pepper production have been observed even in the traditional growing areas of Hungary, similarly the situation noticed Szirmai in 1936. The most common symptoms of the so-called 'pepper decline' were: stunting, general yellowing of the plants, leaf abscission and reduced size of newly developed leaves. We consider that pepper decline has complex etiology, in which the unfavorable growing conditions (hot summers), infections of different viruses, bacteria (Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria), fungi (Fusarium solani, Verticillium dahliae, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Macrophomina phaseolina), and phytoplasma (stolbur phytoplasma) take part. Infections of different tobamoviruses, cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (CMV), potato Y potyvirus (PVY) and tomato spotted wilt tospovirus (TSWV) were the most common viral pathogens in the field. Plants affected first by viruses were often reinfected by other pathogens. Last year an epidemy of stolbur phytoplasma was also stated. Some Hungarian pepper varieties had some resistance to different viruses in different level, however almost all ones were susceptible to CMV. In our opinion virus- and phytoplasma infections are the most important factors in the degenerative process.

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