Mi történt Csepelen 1944 decemberében? : Kísérlet a nyilasellenes tömegmegmozdulások rekonstruálására = What happened in Csepel in December 1944? : An attempt to Reconstruct the anti-Arrow Cross Mass Movements

Fuchs, György (2025) Mi történt Csepelen 1944 decemberében? : Kísérlet a nyilasellenes tömegmegmozdulások rekonstruálására = What happened in Csepel in December 1944? : An attempt to Reconstruct the anti-Arrow Cross Mass Movements. SZÁZADOK, 159 (3). pp. 513-530. ISSN 0039-8098

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Abstract

The events that took place in December in Csepel were thus far unprecedented in Hungary under German occupation and Arrow Cross rule. The population of Csepel overtly opposed the German order that provided for the evacuation of the southern part of their settlement, and resisted the Arrow Cross police force that tried to enforce the order. In this they were backed by the municipal clerk, Géza Gy. Szabó, and by the local police and army. The latter went as far as to disobey the order to open fire and confronted the Arrow Cross forces. The mass movement of the people of Csepel, in which the local Leftish parties and organisations also participated, lasted for three days. During this period, the Hungarian military and civilian authorities were in continuous negotiations with the German command, as a result of which the evacuation was first suspended and then finally postponed. So far, information about the course of events has been available only from memoirs, mainly by communists, as there has been no extensive archival research on the subject. The aim of the present study is to reconstruct the events as accurately as possible on the basis of the available archival sources, to identify the civil administration, Arrow Cross and military figures who participated in and controlled the events and to clarify their role.

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