Green tea-assisted silver depositing on natural rubber films: Surface characterization and antibacterial efficacy

Masa, Abdulhakim and Jehsoh, Nureeyah and Dueramae, Sawitree and Hayeemasae, Nabil (2025) Green tea-assisted silver depositing on natural rubber films: Surface characterization and antibacterial efficacy. EXPRESS POLYMER LETTERS, 19 (7). pp. 653-669. ISSN 1788-618X

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Abstract

An antibacterial natural rubber (NR) latex film was successfully prepared in this study. This was done by coating silver (Ag) nanoparticles onto the surface of the NR latex film. The Ag nanoparticles were synthesized using green tea (GT) extract as a bio-reducing agent. The corresponding Ag nanoparticles were then deposited onto the NR latex film. Before synthesis, the phenolic compounds were identified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The Ag nanoparticles were found to be smaller than 25 nm in size. Subsequently, an experimental evaluation was conducted to determine the influence of deposition time, namely 1 to 20 min, on the film’s overall performance. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) confirmed that the Ag content was higher over the deposition time. The surface roughness of the samples was also screened by atomic force microscopy (AFM), where the films became rougher over the deposition time, confirming that Ag nanoparticles dispersed over the surface. As for the antibacterial activities, both qualitative and quantitative tests showed significant outputs. The clear zones of S. aureus and E. coli increased over the deposition time, and a shorter contact time was used to kill the bacteria. This study offers a scientific foundation that supports the development of future rubber products utilizing these findings.

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