Last passage percolation in a product-type random environment

Yuri, Bakhtin and Konstantin, Khanin and Mészáros, András and Jeremy, Voltz (2025) Last passage percolation in a product-type random environment. ANNALES DE L INSTITUT HENRI POINCARE-PROBABILITES ET STATISTIQUES. ISSN 0246-0203 (In Press)

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Abstract

We consider a last passage percolation model in dimension 1+1 with potential given by the product of a spatial i.i.d. potential with symmetric bounded distribution and an independent i.i.d. in time sequence of signs. We assume that the density of the spatial potential near the edge of its support behaves as a power, with exponent κ>−1. We investigate the linear growth rate of the actions of optimal point-to-point lazy random walk paths as a function of the path slope and describe the structure of the resulting shape function. It has a corner at 0 and, although its restriction to positive slopes cannot be linear, we prove that it has a flat edge near 0 if κ>0. For optimal point-to-line paths, we study their actions and locations of favorable edges that the paths tends to reach and stay at. Under an additional assumption on the time it takes for the optimal path to reach the favorable location, we prove that appropriately normalized actions converge to a limiting distribution that can be viewed as a counterpart of the Tracy-Widom law. Since the scaling exponent and the limiting distribution depend only on the parameter κ, our results provide a description of a new universality class.

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