Methods for predicting the fire behaviour of fibre reinforced thermoset composites

Pomázi, Ákos and Magyar, Gergely and Toldy, Andrea (2026) Methods for predicting the fire behaviour of fibre reinforced thermoset composites. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 245. No. -111857. ISSN 01413910

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Abstract

Destructive tests are typically used to evaluate the fire performance of polymers and their composites, implying high material costs and long testing times. Developing numerical models to predict flammability requires advanced mathematical expertise, IT resources, and realistic input parameters. In this study, we aimed to predict the key flammability parameters based on the chemical structure of the resin matrices and fibre content of composites, providing a potential alternative to costly experimental methods. We employed Random Forest Classifier (RFC), XGBoost algorithms, and an artificial neural network (ANN) model to predict key combustion parameters: peak heat release rate (pHRR), time to ignition (TTI), total heat release (THR) and the char residue (CR) solely based on chemical structure of the epoxy matrix and fibre content of the composite. After making the predictions, we assessed the performance of the models using consistent statistical indicators (mean absolute error (MAE), mean square error (MSE), and the determination parameter (R 2 )).

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