Human Rights from a Central and Eastern European Perspective: Romania’s Country Report

Fegyveresi, Zsolt (2026) Human Rights from a Central and Eastern European Perspective: Romania’s Country Report. CENTRAL EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE LAW, 7 (1). pp. 83-113. ISSN 2732-0707

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Abstract

This study explores the structure and effectiveness of Romania’s national human rights system within the broader context of Central and Eastern Europe. The study examines the constitutional foundations of human rights, the role of key institutions such as the Constitutional Court, the People’s Advocate, and the Romanian Institute for Human Rights (IRDO), and their impact on fundamental rights adjudication. While Romania has made significant progress in aligning its legal framework with international human rights standards, challenges remain in the enforcement and practical implementation of these rights. The absence of an individual constitutional complaint mechanism, political influences on national human rights institutions, and inefficiencies in law enforcement mechanisms continue to hinder the full realisation of human rights protections. To this end, enhancing institutional autonomy, improving judicial enforcement, and strengthening the integration of international human rights obligations are imperative for the advancement of human rights protection in Romania.

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