Drought monitoring and assessment with different meteorological drought indices in a transitional climate: Amasya and Merzifon, Türkiye

Zeybekoğlu, Utku (2026) Drought monitoring and assessment with different meteorological drought indices in a transitional climate: Amasya and Merzifon, Türkiye. IDŐJÁRÁS / QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE HUNGARIAN METEOROLOGICAL SERVICE, 130 (2). pp. 117-134. ISSN 0324-6329

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Abstract

The identification, monitoring and prediction of the possible future conditions of drought, a complex disaster, are of significance for decision makers in planning natural-social and human activities and planning, operation, and management of water resources. The present study investigates the meteorological drought experienced by Amasya and Merzifon, located within the transition zone between the Black Sea and continental climates in Türkiye. The analysis employs the standardized precipitation index (SPI), the China-Z index (CZI), and the modified China-Z index (MCZI), utilizing annual time scales to assess the precipitation patterns in these regions. The precipitation records obtained from the selected meteorological stations between 1964 and 2023 were analyzed in order to assess the drought and compare the performance of precipitation-based drought indices. The investigation also focused on drought-wet period percentages, the percentages of occurrence of drought classes, and the negative and positive peak index values. According to all three drought indices, significant dry years were identified, including 1964, 1974–1976, 1982, 1984, 1986, 1990, 1999, 2013, 2017, and 2020.The assessment revealed that SPI, CZI, and MCZI performance was similar in identifying drought in transition climate zones. It was also determined that CZI and MCZI are a viable alternative to SPI for drought monitoring.

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