Revealing polytypism in 2D boron nitride with UV photoluminescence

Iwański, J. and Korona, K.P. and Tokarczyk, M. and Kowalski, G. and Dąbrowska, A.K. and Tatarczak, P. and Rogala, I. and Bilska, M. and Wójcik, M. and Kret, S. and Reszka, A. and Kowalski, B.J. and Li, Song and Pershin, Anton and Gali, Ádám and Binder, J. and Wysmołek, A. (2024) Revealing polytypism in 2D boron nitride with UV photoluminescence. NPJ 2D MATERIALS AND APPLICATIONS, 8 (1). No.-72. ISSN 2397-7132

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Abstract

Boron nitride exhibits various crystal structures. The subgroup of layered boron nitrides includes several polytypes such as hexagonal (hBN), Bernal (bBN), and rhombohedral (rBN) BN. The latter two are non-centrosymmetric, potentially leading to piezoelectric or ferroelectric properties. A key challenge related to the polytypism of sp2-bonded BN is distinguishing between these polytypes. We demonstrate that the optical response of the 4.1-eV defect can be used to differentiate hBN fromrBN. Photoluminescence and cathodoluminescence measurements on samples grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy(MOVPE)showazero-phononlineat4.096eVforhBNand4.143eVforrBN.Our calculations confirm that the photoluminescence originates from a carbon dimer, CBCN (C2), which is sensitive to the local environments of different polytypes. We demonstrate that different polytypic compositions of hBN and rBN can be achieved by MOVPE, which could pave the way for future applications in large-area van der Waals heterostructures.

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