Phenanthrenes and Other Phenolic Compounds with α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity from Luzula campestris and Juncus kraussii

Barta, Anita and Girst, Gábor and Ahmed, Sara Hassan Hassan and Prinsloo, Gerhard and Purger, Dragica and Máthé, Imre and Hohmann, Judit and Vasas, Andrea (2026) Phenanthrenes and Other Phenolic Compounds with α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity from Luzula campestris and Juncus kraussii. NATURAL PRODUCTS: CHEMISTRY, PHARMACOLOGY AND NUTRITION, 2 (10). pp. 173-179. ISSN 3070-4049

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Abstract

The present study aimed to identify natural compounds with potential relevance to diabetes management. Two members of the Juncaceae family, Luzula campestris and Juncus kraussii, were investigated for compounds with α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Multistep chromatographic separation of the methanolic extracts led to the isolation of juncusol, effusol, luteolin, dehydrovomifoliol, trans-p-coumaric acid, salicylaldehyde, and 1-O-feruloyl-3-O-p-coumaroylglycerol from L. campestris, and juncusol, effusol, dehydrojuncusol, dehydroeffusol, 2-hydroxy7-(hydroxymethyl)-1-methyl-5-vinyl-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene, and 2,7-dihydroxy-1,8-dimethyl-5-vinyl-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene from J. kraussii. Eight of the isolated compounds were evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Luteolin (IC50 = 4.92 μM) and 2-hydroxy-7- (hydroxymethyl)-1-methyl-5-vinyl-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene (IC50 = 7.99 μM) exhibited the strongest inhibitory effects. In silico analyses elucidated enzyme interactions and ADMET properties, highlighting the potential of these species as sources of bioactive compounds relevant to diabetes research.

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