„Hagyományos ökológiai tudás” és lokális tájhasználati praxisok egy kárpátaljai magyar faluban = “Traditional Ecological Knowledge” and Local Land Use Practices in a Hungarian Village in Transcarpathia

Borbély, Sándor (2021) „Hagyományos ökológiai tudás” és lokális tájhasználati praxisok egy kárpátaljai magyar faluban = “Traditional Ecological Knowledge” and Local Land Use Practices in a Hungarian Village in Transcarpathia. ETHNO-LORE : A BÖLCSÉSZETTUDOMÁNYI KUTATÓKÖZPONT NÉPRAJZTUDOMÁNYI INTÉZETÉNEK ÉVKÖNYVE (38). pp. 315-350. ISSN 1787-9396

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Abstract

The study is an anthropological examination of a Hungarian settlement in Transcarpathia (Nagydobrony), where the tradition of greenhouse gardening and the small- and medium-scale cultivation of primeur (early) vegetable cash crops (cucumbers, peppers, tomatoes, potatoes) has a decades-long history that developed over some three generations. The aim of the study is to describe the (intensive and extensive) land use practices of family farms specializing in agricultural production in the examined settlement, as well as their local perceptions of changes in the biophysical environment. Over a few decades, the given group of farmers has gained very complex agro-industrial knowledge (production technology, plant protection and care) for cultivating agricultural lands (gardens, backyards, or nearby lands), in which the experiences related to the local landscape (traditional, post-traditional, quasi-scientific knowledge elements) take a hybrid form. In this study, I argue that (degraded) landscapes under intensive industrial impact and micro-scale agro-industrial resource management practices – which garner less interest in traditional landscape ecological research and environmental discourses – can often provide useful analytical considerations for the critical rethinking of the concept of “traditional ecological knowledge”.

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