Bükkös felújítások szerepe a növényevő nagyvad táplálkozóterületeként.

Hejel, Péter and Katona, Krisztián and Békési, Szabolcs and Szemethy, László (2013) Bükkös felújítások szerepe a növényevő nagyvad táplálkozóterületeként. VADBIOLÓGIA, 15. pp. 9-16. ISSN 0237-5710

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Abstract

Forest game damage lead to serious conflicts between forest and game managers, both in Hungary and worldwide. For forestry units the most important source of incomes is the logging. However, ungulates can have serious local browsing pressure on reforestation sites by their normal feeding activities. According to foresters the only way for reducing that damage is the radical decrease of number of large herbivorous game species (mainly red deer) in the forests. But for game managers a suitable level of ungulate density is necessary to gain incomes from hunting. As a consequence there is no agreement about the ecologically and economically sustainable ungulate density and impact. To decrease this difficult contradiction we need scientific data about the real browsing effect of large herbivores on forest vegetation of different characteristics. In this study we investigated the available food supply and the browsing effect of ungulates on artificial and natural beech regeneration sites of different ages. Density of beech saplings and number of available and browsed sprouts of all woody species present were estimated. We found significantly more beech saplings and sprouts and also higher browsing impact on beech in the natural than in artifical sites. Although we did not reveal a clear linear correlation, the highest browsing values (more than 20%) were detected when the proportion of the alternative food supply was less than 10 %. We propose to maintain natural species diversity in beech regeneration sites from the very first period for giving chance to ungulate species not to browse target tree species. Based on our results diverse woody vegetation can have a great importance not only in artificial single species beech regeneration sites, but even in case of natural beech regeneration.

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