„A Törvény, amit az Úr adott a zsidóknak”. Bibliai idézetek és allúziók késő antik zsidó feliratokon

Grüll, Tibor (2020) „A Törvény, amit az Úr adott a zsidóknak”. Bibliai idézetek és allúziók késő antik zsidó feliratokon. STUDIA BIBLICA - BIBLIAI TANULMÁNYOK, 2 (2). pp. 83-129. ISSN 2676-9166

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Abstract

The aim of this paper is to investigate the Biblical quotations and allusions known from a several thousand Jewish inscriptions found in Iudaea/Palaestina and the Western Diaspora. In previous studies dedicated to this topic only Jewish funeral epigraphy was the subject of research, therefore we extended the scope of our investigation to the synagogue inscriptions and the amulets as well. Our purpose was to detect specific trends in using Biblical quotations and allusions in Jewish epigraphy. Without compiling a detailed catalogue of inscribed objects, it became manifest that—in comparison with the Christian and Samaritan inscriptions (both in funeral and church/synagogal epigraphy)—the Jews quoted much less the sacred scriptures in those places. This is, however, a paradoxical phenomenon, because the Jews were the “people of the Book”, among whom almost all aspects of life and death were somehow connected to the regulation of the Torah and rabbinic laws. Nevertheless, the Jews apparently refrained from quoting sacred texts not only in public inscriptions, but they also refrained from the visual representations of the holy books. We suppose that the main reason of this phenomenon is the different approach of the Greco-Roman epigraphic culture, and it is deeply rooted in the Jewish religious concepts.

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