Jolmó maṇḍala – Horváth Z. Zoltán emlékére

Gelle, Zsóka (2015) Jolmó maṇḍala – Horváth Z. Zoltán emlékére. Keréknyomok (9). pp. 133-144. ISSN 1788-3865

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Abstract

Yolmo Gangra, also known as Helambu, is an area of north central Nepal situated on the upper reaches of the Melamchi Kola and the Yangri Kola, and regarded by the Northern Treasure tradition (byang gter) of the Nyingma School of Tibetan Buddhism as a "hidden land" (sbas yul). In general, "hidden lands" refer to remote valleys and hills believed to have been concealed along with other spiritual treasures by Guru Rinpoche (Padmasambhava) in the 8th century. A body of prophetic literature later discovered by Tibetan lamas, so-called "treasure-revealers" (gter ston) describes the ways to hidden lands where the Buddhist tradition may be preserved during the time of degeneration and decline. Treasure texts related to Yolmo Gangra are contained in a collection entitled "Biographies and future prophecies of the Northern Treasure Tradition". In addition to giving visionary descriptions of the hidden land and suggesting routes to it, these texts also provide instructions on the means by which the land may be tamed, locations where temples should be built or lamas need to establish religious communities. From the 16th century onwards, several famous Tibetan treasure revealers visited Yolmo in search of the hidden land, where they engaged in retreat, constructed temples, and sometimes even settled down and started new lineages. In some cases they recorded their activities in hagiographies, in others their disciples or successors wrote a biography or lineage history. The article explores the impact of Guru Rinpoche's prophecies on the activities of Yolmo lamas, especially on Nyima Sengge's, who came to Nepal in the early 18th century, and settled down. Nyima Sengge closely followed Rigzin Godem's texts, and tried to transform the land of Yolmo into a perfect mandala of vision.

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