A kegyes hívő, a mártír, és a tudós katona. Önreprezentációs technikák Bethlen Miklós és Luigi Ferdinando Marsigli önéletírásában

Nagy, Levente (2016) A kegyes hívő, a mártír, és a tudós katona. Önreprezentációs technikák Bethlen Miklós és Luigi Ferdinando Marsigli önéletírásában. Reciti. (Submitted)

Preview

Text Bethlen-Marsigli-tanulmány.pdf Download (498kB) | Preview

Abstract

The pious believers, the martyr and the savant soldier. Self-representation’s techniques in the Bethlen Miklós’s and Luigi Ferdinando Marsigli’s autobiography. (Abstract) Bevilaqua-Borsody Béla – official researcher of the Hungarian Royal Museum of the Military History – wrote in 1929, that the Luigi Ferdinando Marsigli, the polymath imperial general, in alliance with Bethlen Miklós and Rákóczi II Ferenc (1676-1735), prince of Transylvania, wanted to spark in 1703-1704 (with the English, French and Italian assistance) an anti-Habsburg uprising. One element of this bold plan was that in 1703, when Marsigli was second-in-command under the Count d'Arco at the Imperial fortress of Breisach on the Rhine, which was surrendered in 1703 before the troops of Marshal Vauban. The second element of this plan – in the minds of Bevilaqua-Borsody – was the Bethlens pamphlet Columba Noe written in the spring of 1704, in which Bethlen called ofr the restoration of Transylvanian independence. Despite of the fact that the Bevilaqua-Borsody’s theory today is only a cultural history’s curiosity, a parallel examination of the autobiographies written by two prominent personalitisof the Habsburg Monarchy at the beginning of the 17th can surprise by many today. We know that Bethlen and Marsigli corresponded with each during the border’s demarcation after the Karlovci Peace. But, theirs relations are earlier: Bethlen’s pamphlet Moribunda Transylvaniae (written in 1687), dealing with the political situation in Transylvania, was included in the Marsigli papers in two copies. The pamphlet was seized by Marsigli during his stay in Transylvania in 1690. In 1703-1704 their lives take a similar turning point: after the failure of the fortress Breisach Marsigli was stripped of his titles and honours by the Holy Roman Emperor, and his chivalric sword was broken over him; Bethlen on about 20 June 1704 was imprisoned because the pamphlet already mentioned pamphlet Columba Noe. This limiteted life situation caused similar reaction: Marsigli and Bethlen began to write their autobiography. Originaly in his autography Marsigli wanted to prove his innocence after the Breisach’s incident, but later the accents were put on building his scientific reputation. Bethlen used the instruments of the Calvinist’s martyrological discours to describe his life. In the description of our lives are presented two exceptional personalities. By Bethlen this exceptionality it is provided by the martyrological suffering of the central hero, suffering that must be endured for the his family, the his calvinist church and his country. Through this suffering Bethlen becomes the “chosen Son of God.” By Marsigli the exceptionality it is provided by glorious rebirths, that takes place after every military adventure, which comes Marsigli winner. In the autobiography of Marsigli it is about a hero who play multiple roles (soldier, spy, military engineer, hydrologist, cartographer, historian, diplomt etc.) and constantly shifting his identity. While this “proteic” character will be the winner (Marsigli escapes after Bresiach and will be a great scientist), the martyr (Bethlen) will remain in prison until the end of his life.

Actions (login required)

Edit Item