Iskolák és mobilitás a rendi társadalomban = Schools and mobility in religious society

Keszei, András (2024) Iskolák és mobilitás a rendi társadalomban = Schools and mobility in religious society. In: A rang kötelez : Rendi és rendies magatartásformák a középkortól a 20. századig. Eszterházy Károly Katolikus Egyetem Líceum Kiadó, Eger, pp. 177-195.

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Abstract

The school system has long occupied a prominent place in research on social transformation. Ever since the introduction of compulsory education in the 19th century in bourgeois societies leaving behind the feudal order, the institutional system of primary and, later, secondary education has played an increasingly important role in determining the conditions for prosperity and progress. The ‚meritocratic principle’ of modern society identifies work and learning as the basis of achievement, as opposed to inherited excellence emphasized in the value set of the nobility. This view is supported by a broad consensus, despite the fact that the importance of social networks and inherited wealth does not seem to diminish in democratic societies. In principle, the opportunity to get ahead through education is open to all, as is the expectation of a return on the effort and work invested in education for the future. However detailed sociological studies have been pointing out for almost half a century that the impact of the education system is more complex than limiting it to ensuring adequate progress and social fulfilment. Taking the above into account, this study attempts to reconstruct the opportunities for mobility in the dynamically developing city of Pest in the first half of the 19th century, within the framework of the society gradually leaving behind the late feudal characteristics, embracing modernity, based on the changing social composition of the denominational secondary schools.

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