A „lélekhit” és kritikája a filozófiában a 20. század első évtizedeiben

Mester, Béla (2018) A „lélekhit” és kritikája a filozófiában a 20. század első évtizedeiben. Kellék (60). pp. 111-125. ISSN 1453-7400

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Abstract

"Belief in Soul” and its Criticism in the Philosophy of the First Decades of the 20th Century The paper offers an analysis of the usage of the terms concerning the immaterial entities in the first half of the 20th century in the Hungarian thinking, in the mirror of its appearance in three special fields. At first, it will be discussed the theoretical background of the animal protection movement in the period, focussed on the comparison of the human and animal reason and sensation, with anthropological consequences. It will be outlined the thought of the most radical Hungarian physicalist, Jenő Posch (1859–1923), focussed on the linguistic deconstruction of the concept of the soul, in the second section. In the third and largest part, it will be discussed the idea of soul in the articles written by Valéria Dienes (1879–1878) who has established her thought on a spiritualist principle by her own word. A common element of the anthropologies of Posch and Dienes is the ideaof the moving body as the foundation of the human personality, based on opposite ontological principles. Keywords: body, physicalism, reason, sensation, spiritualism, soul

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