Két „világ” – egy uralkodócsalád : Hitbizomány és feudalizmus versus ősiség és Szent Korona-tan, avagy a spanyol (jog)szemlélet megjelenése a magyar köz- és magánjogban a Habsburgok 17–18. századi Magyarországán = Two „worlds” – one royal family

Liktor, Zoltán Attila (2024) Két „világ” – egy uralkodócsalád : Hitbizomány és feudalizmus versus ősiség és Szent Korona-tan, avagy a spanyol (jog)szemlélet megjelenése a magyar köz- és magánjogban a Habsburgok 17–18. századi Magyarországán = Two „worlds” – one royal family. In: A rang kötelez : Rendi és rendies magatartásformák a középkortól a 20. századig. Eszterházy Károly Katolikus Egyetem Líceum Kiadó, Eger, pp. 241-262.

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Abstract

The comparison of Spanish and Hungarian law is meaningful and significant primarily in the light of the fact that at the beginning of the 16th century both countries came under the rule of the same ruling family (the Habsburgs) at almost the same time – Castile (1516) and Hungary (1526) – which had an impact on both state and social life in Hungary, and this was also reflected in the development of public and private law. In parallel with the fundamental change in the order of succession to the Hungarian throne, the adoption of hereditary kingship (1687) and the possibility of female succession (1723), Spanish influence can also be detected in the field of private law. The introduction into Hungarian law of the feudal tenure as an institution in rem (1687) and the opening up of the possibility of foundation to the common nobility (1723) provide striking evidence of the emergence of the Spanish legal approach. The Esterházys, who had a close (family) relationship with the Spanish Habsburgs (the Spanish king had granted the Order of the Golden Fleece to the Palatines Miklós and Pál), were the ones who pushed for the introduction of the feudal tenure in Hungary. It is a curious coincidence that, more than 300 years on, one of the ‚protagonists’ of the case before the Supreme Court is the very same Palatine Esterházy who is the main promoter introduction of feudal tenure in Hungary. In 2022, the Curia was forced to rule on a case – known in the press as the Esterházy treasures – in which the question of the tenure and its interpretation was at the heart of the trial.

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