Állategészség és humán veszélyek : Antimikrobiális rezisztencia, zoonózisok, mikotoxinok = Animal health and human risks : Antimicrobial resistance, zoonoses and mycotoxicoses

Csivincsik, Ágnes and Abdalrahman, Bawan Mustafa and Ombula, Duncan Kimba and Kovács, Melinda and Nagy, Gábor (2025) Állategészség és humán veszélyek : Antimikrobiális rezisztencia, zoonózisok, mikotoxinok = Animal health and human risks : Antimicrobial resistance, zoonoses and mycotoxicoses. SCIENTIA ET SECURITAS, 6 (1-2). pp. 215-222. ISSN 3057-9759

Preview

Text 112-article-p215.pdf - Published Version Available under License Creative Commons Attribution. Download (766kB) | Preview

Abstract

Ebben a tanulmányban a rektorhelyettes Németh Tamásra emlékezünk, aki 2014 és 2018 között négy évig volt a Kaposvári Egyetem tudományos vezetője. Emlékére a Magyar Agrár- és Élettudományi Egyetem Kaposvári Campusán működő One Health Munkacsoport munkáján és eredményein keresztül mutatjuk be az állategészségügy néhány releváns problémáját, úgymint a Dél-Dunántúl régió természetes élőhelyein élő ragadozók, a vadállomány által használt felszíni vizek és a vidéki környezetben élő házi kutyák szerepe az antimikrobiális rezisztencia terjedésében; a vadállományban előforduló egyes parazitás zoonózisok okozta emberi és állati fertőzések járványtani háttere; vala-mint a lakosság mikotoxin-expozíciójának becslése. | In this paper, we remember Vice-Rector Tamás Németh, who served as the scientific leader of Kaposvár University for four years, between 2014 and 2018. In his memory, we present some relevant issues in veterinary medicine through the work and achievements of the One Health working group operating at the Kaposvár Campus of the Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences. These issues impact the balance of the entire ecosystem and pose significant risks to food safety and human health. One of the main focus areas of One Health-oriented research is the study of the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The spatial distribution of AMR in ecosystems, along with the biotic and abiotic environmental factors of habitat patches showing accumulation, reveals the role that the natural health domain may play in the maintenance and dissemination of AMR. The research group has demonstrated that Staphylococcus bacteria are suitable indicators for monitoring AMR in the natural health domain. In the South Transdanubian Region, Staphylococcus strains with significant species diversity and varied resistance profiles were isolated. The development of the One Health approach is fundamentally linked to the study of zoonoses, which are infectious diseases transmitted from animals to humans. Since 2016, the aim of the research group has been to identify the risk factors of human alveolar echinococcosis (HAE), a disease caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis. Epidemiological analysis of human cases has revealed that HAE clusters in two hyperendemic regions in Hungary: Northern Hungary and Southern Transdanubia. It has been confirmed that in the endemic presence of the parasite in Southern Transdanubia, the region’s dense golden jackal population and the soil moisture content play a crucial role. The co-occurrence of the parasite’s two primary reservoir hosts – the red fox and the golden jackal – within the same habitat amplifies the endemic situation. Through geospatial analysis of national data, it was shown that the economic underdevelopment of affected areas increases the risk of human infection. Mold toxins (mycotoxins) are present throughout the entire food production chain. Their levels are influenced by numerous biological, environmental, technological, and human factors. Unfortunately, their presence is currently unavoidable, causing significant economic losses and posing risks to humans and animals, as well as food safety and security. The research group investigated the exposure of the Hungarian population to fumonisin mycotoxins based on food contamination data, food consumption patterns, and urinary biomarkers. They demonstrated that Hungarian consumers are exposed to levels similar to those in other European countries and emphasized the importance of regular monitoring and assessment based on harmonized methodology.

Actions (login required)

Edit Item