The Kings of Hungary and the Princes of Poland in Late Thirteenth Century: Relatives, Alliances and Conflicts

Barabás, Gábor (2026) The Kings of Hungary and the Princes of Poland in Late Thirteenth Century: Relatives, Alliances and Conflicts. POVIJESNI PRILOZI, 45. pp. 45-76. ISSN 0351-9767 (nyomtatott); 1848-9087 (online)

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Abstract

The relations of Poland and Hungary have been the subject of historical research for a long time, the proverbial “friendship” has attracted the interest of many scholars. Nevertheless, it cannot be stated that every aspect of the contacts has been thoroughly dealt with. The focus of this study is on an important aspect of the relationship between the Kingdom of Hungary and the Polish Principality(ies), namely the relations between the ruling dynasties, the Árpáds of Hungary and the Piasts of Poland in the late thirteenth century. In the period following the death of King Béla IV of Hungary in 1270, one can encounter processes similar to those in the preceding era, during the first wave of the Přemyslid–Árpádian conflict between King Ottokar II of Bohemia and his counterpart, Béla IV over the so-called Babenberg legacy, the duchies of Austria and Styria. Regarding the whole of the second half of the thirteenth century, it can be stated, that one can observe the shifting paradigm of the relations of the more or less independent dukes of Poland. At first sight it certainly looks as if the rulers built two ‘coalitions’, with one group supporting King Ottokar II, the other at first King Béla IV. Nevertheless, the relevance of the individual interests after the dukes’ decision and the importance of family-ties cannot be forgotten either while analysing the historical processes.

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