Recovery of valuable components from carrot peel as vegetable waste using microwave-assisted extraction

Rédey, Á. and Zsomné Muha, Viktória and Stefaniga, T. and Gáspár, Igor and Marđokić, Ana and Bánvölgyi, Szilvia (2025) Recovery of valuable components from carrot peel as vegetable waste using microwave-assisted extraction. PROGRESS IN AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING SCIENCES, 21 (1). pp. 269-286. ISSN 1786-335X

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Abstract

Food waste is a growing problem. In many cases, the wasted part of the food could still be consumed. In this research, the extraction of the peeled skin of carrots was investigated in order to find an easier and more economical extraction process of fewer preparation steps. For the retrieval of carotenoids and polyphenols from carrot peel microwave-assisted extraction was used. Three factors were changed: Microwave power (100–450–800 W), treatment time (4–8–12 min), and ethanol concentration (10–35–60 V/V %). For the statistical analysis CCD (central composite design) method was used. Total polyphenol content (TPC) was measured with Folin-Ciocalteu method, antioxidant capacity (AC) with FRAP method and carotenoid ratios with colorimetry. Different settings for different components proved to be effective, but the proposed setting for the overall optimization was also economically efficient: t = 12 min; P = 624 W; c = 10 V/V %; so the yield would be: TPC = 152 mg L −1 ; AC = 459 mg L −1 ; L* = 74.9; a* = 8.4; b* = 47.7.

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