Menekült reformátusok integrációja és tevékenysége a Dunamelléken (1944. ősz) = The Integration and Activities of Refugees in the Danubian District of the Reformed Church of Hungary (Autumn 1944)

Erdős, Kristóf (2026) Menekült reformátusok integrációja és tevékenysége a Dunamelléken (1944. ősz) = The Integration and Activities of Refugees in the Danubian District of the Reformed Church of Hungary (Autumn 1944). HAGYOMÁNY IDENTITÁS TÖRTÉNELEM, 3 (2). pp. 215-228. ISSN 3004-2992

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Abstract

This paper examines the integration of Hungarian Reformed refugees in the Danubian Reformed Church District in the autumn of 1944, in the context of operations on the Eastern Front during World War II. The research focuses on those Reformed pastors and teachers who were forced to flee from Northern and Southern Transylvania, as well as the present-day eastern Hungary, due to the advancing front. Through an analysis of the bishop’s records of the Danubian Reformed Church District, I demonstrate how the accommodation, relief, and the temporary assignment of refugee church officials were organised. The paper highlights that the church leadership, under the direction of Bishop László Ravasz, prioritised temporary integration and considered the eventual return of the refugees to their homeland to be a moral obligation. The disbursement of state aid (congrua) to refugee pastors was regulated by a separate church-state agreement. The research reveals that the majority of refugees found temporary places of service in and around Budapest, often with the help of relatives or congregational connections. Based on the sources analysed, at least 225 refugee Reformed pastors had arrived in the church district by the end of 1944.

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